Swimming camp for people with disabilities in Antalya

Swimming for people with disabilities

Statistics show that children with intellectual or physical disabilities, due to a number of problems, are not sufficiently involved in such sports programs, despite all the benefits. Another reason is the exclusion of children from society and the inability to provide a chance Among people with disabilities, the likelihood of obesity is very high. To identify obesity in people with disabilities in the age group of 8-18 years old, a nomogram was developed taking into account the assessment of body mass index.In people with intellectual disabilities participating in special competitions,

there is no change in the percentage of body fat. According to studies, it became known that through exercise it is possible to achieve a change in physique. In short, people with disabilities need to play sports in order to organize nutrition and physical activity. People with limited mental or physical capabilities, due to their condition, cannot engage in many sports on their feet, but swimming opposite this is easier and more convenient and is beneficial in the shortest possible time.

Paralympic swimming
Swimming has been on the list of Paralympic Games since 1960. Disabled swimmers are divided into different classes and compete according to the type of physical restrictions: freestyle, crawl on the back, butterfly stroke, breaststroke and medley (combined) style. They are also divided into two groups: for people with visual impairments and athletes with other disabilities. At the Atlanta Paralympics in 1996, athletes with intellectual disabilities competed for the first time. Swimming played a big role in drawing attention to the successes of Paralympic athletes.

The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and the Swimming Committee divided athletes with limited physical and visual abilities and special athletes into classes “S1” to “S14” so that they could compete in equal conditions. Athletes with disabilities are classified under the numbers “S1” to “S10”, visually impaired swimmers are “S11” to “S13”, and athletes with intellectual disabilities are classified under the category “S14”.

Paralympic swimming modified the FINA standards and is carried out in pools with a length of 50 meters and 8 lanes according to the rules of the IPC. The rules in these competitions can be changed according to the class of athletes and the state of functioning of the body. According to the organization, athletes, in the form of their restriction, can start the swim while sitting on the platform; sometimes they are near the platform or start in the water with the help of an assistant.

All classified athletes with disabilities can participate in competitions where the swimming style and distance are predefined. Athletes may not use prostheses, orthoses or other ancillary items during the competition.

Swimmers with visual impairments need to use a special device when swimming to the end of the pool, ending the swim and turns. This process is called tapping, and the assistant is called tapper. These swimmers need to wear black swimming goggles.

Classification
The swimming classification is divided into three groups: athletes with physical disabilities, visual impairments and mental disabilities.
The names of the sports classes in swimming include the letter abbreviations S, SB or SM and the numbers. The first letters represent the type of competition. The numbers mean sports classes where athletes compete.
For example, S means free-style swimming, butterfly stroke and crawl on the back; SB - breaststroke; SM - combined style. Sports classes from 1 to 10 - physical limitations, from 11 to 13 - visually impaired, 14 - mental restrictions.

People withphysical disabilities
Athletes with physical disabilities are numbered from 1 to 10, have 10 different species in classes S and SM, and 9 species in class SB. Low numbers indicate a more serious limit. Low numbers indicate more serious limitations than high numbers.

S1 SB1 SM1: Swimmers in this group have severe losses in the control of their legs and arms. Some athletes cannot control the body. The reasons for these limitations can be polio and spinal cord injuries. Swimmers of this class use strollers in everyday life. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 200 meters freestyle, 50 meters crawl on the back, 50 meters butterfly, 50 meters breaststroke and 150 meters mixed.

S2 SB1 SM2: Swimmers in this group can use their hands, but not their palms, cannot use their feet and have serious coordination problems. Like swimmers from S1 SB1 SM1, these athletes can only compete in backstroke. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 200 meters freestyle, 50 meters crawl on the back, 50 meters butterfly, 50 meters breaststroke and 150 meters mixed.

S3 SB2 SM3: This group includes athletes with amputated 4 limbs. Swimmers who cannot use their legs and body and have serious coordination problems due to amputation of all limbs are included in this group. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 200 meters freestyle, 50 meters crawl on the back, 50 meters butterfly, 50 meters breaststroke and 150 meters mixed.

S4 SB3 SM4: This group includes athletes who have minimal hand weakness, can use their hands, but do not use their legs and body, or have amputation of three limbs. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 200 meters freestyle, 50 meters crawl on the back, 50 meters butterfly, 50 meters breaststroke and 150 meters mixed.

S5 SB4 SM5: In this group, swimmers compete who do not control part of the body with a diagnosis of hemiplegic or paraplegia, as well as other restrictions along with them. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 200 meters freestyle, 50 meters crawl on their backs, 50 meters butterfly, 100 meters breaststroke and 200 meters mixed.

S6 SB5 SM6: Swimmers in this class compete with short stature, unilateral coordination of a moderate body, or amputation of both hands. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100, 200 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 50 meters butterfly, 100 meters breaststroke and 200 meters mixed.

S7 SB6 SM7: Swimmers with diagonal amputation of arms and legs, paralysis of one arm and leg on one side, or amputation of two legs are in this class. Also in this class can compete swimmers with little leg function, but not complete control of the arms and body. Athletes of this class can participate in the competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 50 meters butterfly, 100 meters breaststroke and 200 meters mixed.

S8 SB7 SM8: Swimmers who do not have both arms and part of one arm compete in this group. Athletes with a lack of joints in the lower extremities also compete in this group. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 100 meters butterfly, 100 meters breaststroke and 200 meters mixed.

S9 SB8 SM9: Athletes in this class have joint limitations on one leg, amputation below the knee on both legs, or amputation of one leg. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 100 meters butterfly, 100 meters breaststroke and 200 meters mixed.

S10 SB9 SM10: Swimmers of this class are recognized by athletes with the least restriction. Limitations may include loss of an arm or both legs or a significant limitation of hip function. Athletes of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 100 meters butterfly, 100 meters breaststroke and 200 meters mixed.

Visually Impaired Swimmers
S11 SB11 SM11: Swimmers experience complete and near-complete loss of vision. The level of visual acuity does not allow to distinguish the letter E from a distance of 25 cm. Athletes in this group compete in black swimming goggles. Swimmers of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 100 meters breaststroke, 200 meters mixed style and relay race 4x100 m freestyle and relay race 4x100 m mixed style.

S12 SB12 SM12: Swimmers in this group have greater visual acuity. But they can distinguish the letter E from a distance of 4 m. Athletes with visual impairment of less than 10 degrees in diameter are also suitable for this class. Swimmers of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 100 meters breaststroke, 200 meters mixed style and relay race 4x100 m freestyle and relay race 4x100 m mixed style.

S13 SB13 SM13: This group includes swimmers with the least visual impairment. This class includes people with visual impairment less than 40 degrees in diameter or people with low visual acuity. Swimmers of this class can participate in competitions of the following class: 50, 100 and 400 meters freestyle, 100 meters crawl on their backs, 100 meters breaststroke, 200 meters mixed style and relay race 4x100 m freestyle and relay race 4x100 m mixed style.